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crond运行Python脚本实现多台linux服务器的监控

时间:2015/6/28来源:绿色软件之家作者:网管联盟我要评论(0)

  一、Pexpect简介

  Pexpect 是一个用来启动子程序并对其进行自动控制的 python 模块,它可以用来和像 ssh、ftp、passwd、telnet 等命令行程序进行自动交互。本文介绍 Pexpect 的主要用法和在实际应用中的注意点。 Python 语言的爱好者,系统管理人员,部署及测试人员都能使用 Pexpect 在自己的工作中实现与命令行交互的自动化。

  具体可以参考https://www.noah.org/wiki/Pexpect#Download_and_Installation

  下载地址 https://pexpect.sourceforge.net/pexpect-2.3.tar.gz

  今天介绍的内容就是利用pexpect来实现的远程多服务器的管理。

  二、Python脚本

  以下是python的源代码。程序的大概过程是使用pexpect的ssh命令循环登陆到远程服务器上,将服务和进程的运行情况纪录到临时文件中,然后再从文件中获取服务和进程的运行情况,如果服务或进程异常停止,程序则将其重新启动,所有服务器的运行状况都将纪录在日志文件中。

  代码

  # coding=utf-8

  #!/usr/bin/env python

  import pexpect

  import getpass, os

  import string

  import time

  from datetime import datetime, date

  ssh_newkey = 'Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?'

  hosts = []

  hosts.append('xx.xx.xx.xx')

  user = 'user'

  password = 'pwd'

  logFile = '/tmp/pexpect-2.3/monitor.log'

  def restartService(host, user, password, service):

  child = pexpect.spawn('ssh %s@%s' %(user, host))

  i = child.expect([pexpect.TIMEOUT, ssh_newkey, 'password: '])

  if i == 0: # Timeout

  return None

  if i == 1:

  child.sendline('yes')

  child.sendline(password)

  child.sendline('sudo service %s restart' %service)

  j = child.expect(['Password: ', '$', '#'])

  if j == 0:

  child.sendline(password)

  if j == 1:

  child.sendline(password)

  time.sleep(30)

  child.sendline('exit')

  fout = file(logFile, 'a')

  child.logfile_read = fout

  return child

  # restart one process

  def restartProcess(host, user, password):

  child = pexpect.spawn('ssh %s@%s' %(user, host))

  i = child.expect([pexpect.TIMEOUT, ssh_newkey, 'password: '])

  if i == 0: # Timeout

  return None

  if i == 1:

  child.sendline('yes')

  child.sendline(password)

  child.sendline('sudo su')

  j = child.expect(['Password: ', '$', '#'])

  if j == 0:

  child.sendline(password)

  if j == 1:

  child.sendline(password)

  child.sendline('cd /processlocation/bin')

  child.sendline('./processName.sh &')

  time.sleep(20)

  child.sendline('exit')

  child.sendline('exit')

  fout = file(logFile, 'a')

  child.logfile_read = fout

  return child

  # log process' status to file tmpProc.txt

  def logProcessInfo(host, user, password, process):

  child = pexpect.spawn('ssh %s@%s' %(user, host))

  i = child.expect([pexpect.TIMEOUT, ssh_newkey, 'password: '])

  if i == 0: # Timeout

  return None

  if i == 1:

  child.sendline('yes')

  child.sendline(password)

  child.sendline('ps -ef|grep %s' %process)

  child.sendline('exit')

  fout = file('tmpProc.txt', 'w')

  child.logfile_read = fout

  return child

#p#副标题#e#

  # get process' id from file tmpProc.txt

  def getProcessId():

  val = ''

  f = file('tmpProc.txt', 'r')

  f.seek(0)

  while True:

  line = f.readline()

  if line.find('processName') > 0:

  index = line.find(' ')

  subline = line[index+1:]

  while True:

  if subline[0] == ' ':

  index = subline.find(' ')

  subline = subline[index+1:]

  else:

  break

  index2 = subline.find(' ')

  number = subline[:index2]

  val = number

  if len(line) == 0:

  break

  f.close()

  return val

  # log service's status to file tmpServ.txt

  def logServiceInfo(host, user, password, serviceName):

  child = pexpect.spawn('ssh %s@%s' %(user, host))

  i = child.expect([pexpect.TIMEOUT, ssh_newkey, 'password: '])

  if i == 0: # Timeout

  return None

  if i == 1:

  child.sendline('yes')

  child.sendline(password)

  child.sendline('service %s status' %serviceName)

  child.sendline('exit')

  fout = file('tmpServ.txt', 'w')

  child.logfile_read = fout

  return child

  # get servicee's status of start or stop from file tmpServ.txt

  def hasServiceStart():

  val = True

  f = file('tmpServ.txt', 'r')

  f.seek(0)

  while True:

  line = f.readline()

  if line.find('stop') > 0:

  val = False

  if len(line) == 0:

  break

  f.close()

  return val

  def logOperation(content):

  f = file(logFile, 'a')

  f.write(content)

  f.close()

  current = datetime.now()

  logOperation('\n\n***')

  logOperation(current.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y") + '\n')

  for host in hosts:

  processChild = logProcessInfo(host, user, password, 'processName')

  processChild.expect(pexpect.EOF)

  processId = getProcessId()

  if processId == '':

  logOperation('processName on ' + host + ' has been stopped\n')

  processChild = restartProcess(host, user, password)

  processChild.expect(pexpect.EOF)

  else:

  logOperation('processName on ' + host + ' is ok\n')

  serviceChild = logServiceInfo(host, user, password, 'serviceName')

  serviceChild.expect(pexpect.EOF)

  if hasServiceStart():

  logOperation('serviceName on ' + host + ' is ok\n')

  else:

  logOperation('serviceName on ' + host + ' has been stopped\n')

  serviceChild = restartService(host, user, password, 'serviceName')

  serviceChild.expect(pexpect.EOF)

  print 'mission accomplished'

  三、通过配置crond使脚本能够定时执行

  1)登陆到脚本所在的linux服务器上

  2)运行命令crontab -e

  说明:系统默认的编辑器是VIM,如果不是请加上以下shell:

  $EDITOR=vi

  $export EDITOR

  3)添加0 * * * * python /tmp/pexpect-2.3/autoMonitor.py

  4)重起crond

  cd /etc/init.d

  ./crond restart

  这样每个小时0分的时候105上会自动运行autoMonitor.py脚本

关键词标签:crond,Python脚本,lin

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