Oracle管理及常用基础脚本_绿色软件之家

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Oracle管理及常用基础脚本

时间:2015/6/28来源:绿色软件之家作者:网管联盟我要评论(0)

  1 性能监控

  1. 检测数据库中的事件和等待

  SELECT event, total_waits, total_timeouts,time_waited, average_wait

  FROM v$system_event

  2. 查询会话中的事件和等待时间

  select sid, event, total_waits,average_wait

  from v$session_event where sid=10;

  3. 查询等待进程

  SELECT sid, seq#, event, wait_time, state

  FROM v$session_wait;

  4. 监控全局区的性能

  select * from v$sgastat;

  5. 查询命中率

  select gethitratio

  from v$librarycache

  where namespace = 'SQL AREA';

  6. 当前 sql 语句

  select sql_text, users_executing,

  executions, loads

  from v$sqlarea;

  7. 查询高速缓存中的命中率

  select sum(pins) "Executions", sum(reloads) "Cache Misses",

  sum(reloads)/sum(pins)

  from v$librarycache;

  8. 查询全局字典中的有效装载次数

  select namespace,pins,reloads,invalidations

  from v$librarycache;

  9. 回滚段的争用情况

  select name, waits, gets, waits/gets "Ratio"

  from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b

  where a.usn = b.usn;

  10. 监控表空间的 I/O 比例

  select df.tablespace_name name,df.file_name "file",f.phyrds pyr,

  f.phyblkrd pbr,f.phywrts pyw, f.phyblkwrt pbw

  from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df

  where f.file# = df.file_id

  order by df.tablespace_name;

  11. 监控文件系统的 I/O 比例

  select substr(a.file#,1,2) "#", substr(a.name,1,30) "Name",

  a.status, a.bytes, b.phyrds, b.phywrts

  from v$datafile a, v$filestat b

  where a.file# = b.file#;

  12. 在某个用户下找所有的索引

  select user_indexes.table_name, user_indexes.index_name,uniqueness, column_name

  from user_ind_columns, user_indexes

  where user_ind_columns.index_name = user_indexes.index_name

  and user_ind_columns.table_name = user_indexes.table_name

  order by user_indexes.table_type, user_indexes.table_name,

  user_indexes.index_name, column_position;

  13. 监控 SGA 中字典缓冲区的命中率

  select parameter, gets,Getmisses , getmisses/(gets+getmisses)*100 "miss ratio",

  (1-(sum(getmisses)/ (sum(gets)+sum(getmisses))))*100 "Hit ratio"

  from v$rowcache

  where gets+getmisses <>0

  group by parameter, gets, getmisses;

  14. 监控 SGA 中共享缓存区的命中率,应该小于 1%

  select sum(pins) "Total Pins", sum(reloads) "Total Reloads",

  sum(reloads)/sum(pins) *100 libcache

  from v$librarycache;

  select sum(pinhits-reloads)/sum(pins) "hit radio",sum(reloads)/sum(pins) "reload percent"

  from v$librarycache;

  15. 显示所有数据库对象的类别和大小

  select count(name) num_instances ,type ,sum(source_size) source_size ,

  sum(parsed_size) parsed_size ,sum(code_size) code_size ,sum(error_size) error_size,

  sum(source_size) +sum(parsed_size) +sum(code_size) +sum(error_size) size_required

  from dba_object_size

  group by type order by 2;

  16. 监控 SGA 中重做日志缓存区的命中率,应该小于 1%

  select name, gets, misses, immediate_gets, immediate_misses,

  Decode(gets,0,0,misses/gets*100) ratio1,

  Decode(immediate_gets+immediate_misses,0,0,

  immediate_misses/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)*100) ratio2

  FROM v$latch WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy');

  17. 监控内存和硬盘的排序比率,最好使它小于 .10 ,增加 sort_area_size

  SELECT name, value FROM v$sysstat WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)');

  18. 监控字典缓冲区

  select (sum(pins - reloads)) / sum(pins) "lib cache" from v$librarycache;

  select (sum(gets - getmisses - usage - fixed)) / sum(gets) "row cache" from v$rowcache;

  select sum(pins) "executions", sum(reloads) "cache misses while executing" from v$librarycache;

  后者除以前者 , 此比率小于 1%, 接近 0% 为好

  select sum(gets) "dictionary gets",sum(getmisses) "dictionary cache get misses"

  from v$rowcache

  19. 找 oracle 字符集

  select * from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

  20. 监控 MTS

  select busy/(busy+idle) "shared servers busy" from v$dispatcher;

  此值大于 0.5 时,参数需加大

  select sum(wait)/sum(totalq) "dispatcher waits" from v$queue where type='dispatcher';

  select count(*) from v$dispatcher;

  select servers_highwater from v$mts;

  servers_highwater 接近 mts_max_servers 时,参数需加大

  21. 碎片程度

  select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name

  having count(tablespace_name)>10;

  alter tablespace name coalesce;

  alter table name deallocate unused;

  create or replace view ts_blocks_v as

  select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_space

  union all

  select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;

  select * from ts_blocks_v;

  select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_space

  group by tablespace_name;

  查看碎片程度高的表

  SELECT segment_name table_name , COUNT(*) extents

  FROM dba_segments WHERE owner NOT IN ('SYS', 'SYSTEM') GROUP BY segment_name

  HAVING COUNT(*) = (SELECT MAX( COUNT(*) ) FROM dba_segments GROUP BY segment_name);

  17. 表、索引的存储情况检查

  select segment_name,sum(bytes),count(*) ext_quan from dba_extents where

  tablespace_name='&tablespace_name' and segment_type='TABLE' group by tablespace_name,segment_name;

  select segment_name,count(*) from dba_extents where segment_type='INDEX' and owner='&owner'

  group by segment_name;

  18 、找使用 CPU 多的用户 session

  12 是 cpu used by this session

  select a.sid,spid,status,substr(a.program,1,40) prog,a.terminal,osuser,value/60/100 value

  from v$session a,v$process b,v$sesstat c

  where c.statistic#=12 and c.sid=a.sid and a.paddr=b.addr order by value desc;

  2 空间管理

  1. 察看数据库的大小,和空间使用情况

  SQL> col tablespace format a20    -- 在显示中指明列的输出格式

  SQL> select b.file_id    -- 文件 ID,

  b.tablespace_name   -- 表空间 ,

  b.file_name      -- 物理文件名 ,

  b.bytes         -- 总字节数 ,

  (b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)))     -- 已使用 ,

  sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))         -- 剩余 ,

  sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100   -- 剩余百分比

  from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b

  where a.file_id=b.file_id

  group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_name,b.file_id,b.bytes

  order by b.tablespace_name

  /

  dba_free_space -- 表空间剩余空间状况

  dba_data_files -- 数据文件空间占用情况

  2. 查看现有回滚段及其状态

  select segment_name,owner,tablespace_name,segment_id,file_id,status from dba_rollback_segs;

  3. 表空间大小

  select tablespace_name,count(*),sum(blocks),sum(bytes)/1024/1024

  from dba_data_files

  group by tablespace_name;

  4. 表空间使用情况

  select

关键词标签:Oracle管理

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